How our platform is rending visible the inequalities faced by girls in the north of Cameroon, while reshaping a new narrative
Genital mutilation, little or no access to quality education, poverty, famine, sexual violence, forced marriages, lack of clean water and sanitation, discrimination, disregard for dignity and respect, kidnaps and little information.
These are some of the many human rights violation currently observed around the world. Nevertheless, the African continent particularly affected, but a particular group and gender more: Girls. Most at times marginalized for either their gender or age, girls still bear the burden to both endure pain while meeting up with their counterpart males to ensure economic development. Despite numerous legal attempts undertaken at the international level, or still the medical advancement permitting gender swaps, the rights of girls are much disregarded in north Cameroon. Proof being, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is not known by almost all the populace which constitutes the north of Cameroon; talking us of it being respected and implemented. Even though these conventions present some limitations, as they usually frame girls in a negative light as victims of the aforementioned atrocities rather than persons with the full potentials to decide, lead and move. Cameroon is a rich country in culture and this richness has sometimes accounted for the disregard of the rights of girls and women as people tend to be some time very tribal and disconnected from “others” and “elsewhere” things rather than theirs. This is probably the reason why after numerous years of campaigns against genital mutilation and early marriages, the seven other regions which constitutes the East, South and West appear to not be interested in fostering change in the left out North.
This gap in information and the negative consequences which these practices may have on the girl child on the one hand and the development trajectory of Cameroon on the other is what accounted for the implementation of this project by the Development and Emergency Relief Initiative (DERI).
We are only eight years away from 2030, a year which should mark the realization of the UN’s blueprint to “achieve peace and prosperity via its 17 enacted principles known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). At DERI, we have the firm conviction that if Goal 5 (Gender Equality) isn’t attained, the other goals would be at jeopardy. This results for why the spread lighting on such issues (Gender mutilation, forced marriages, little or no education for the girl) has never been this important. In an era of technological development and innovation, it is pivotal that girls and boys have equal opportunities and rights. Figure wise, women account for over 49.58% of the global population (statistics times), at such constitute a significant proportion of world labour and consumption. They therefore have the right to education and the capacity to decide for what is right or bad for them.
Furtherance, this has not been the case in the north of Cameroon for very long time. Dominated by the Muslim communities, their rites and cultures usually put girls in the second place. They are deprived of education in situations of choice between their male siblings, they are forced into early marriages, as early as nine years of age and today still undergo one of the most fought battles by UN Women, that of Female genital mutilation. Our aim is to show more light on this issue. Statistics by the World Economic Forum have actually demonstrated that, if girls are been given equal access to education and opportunities, it could help reduce poverty, famine and income disparity. Indeed, girls and women contribute largely to the labour market although not usually taken into account by micro and macro-economic aggregates. At such, female genital mutilation (FGM) usually contributes to school drop outs in the north of Cameroon and also for the propagation of later problems such as cysts, bleeding, increased risk of HIV, infertility and complications during childbirth just to name a few as they are sometimes mutilated at pupil ages. Cameroon established the National Action Plan to combat FGM in 2011 and founded the Department for the Promotion and Protection of the Family and Children’s Rights in 2012. Meanwhile, it also instigated the 2016 passage of the civil, “Penal codes of the Republic of Cameroon”. However, neither mandate nor legislation exists to truly stop the practice of FGM.
Moving ahead, early marriages also accounts for the great number of the few educated women and girls from the North of Cameroon. Girls generally by age nine are attributed a husband with whom they may probably never be given the chance to be educated. This vicious cycle prominent since the 1960s attaining its apogee in the 1990 and once again during the pandemic of Covid 19 is nothing to write home about. So far, the most attached to these practices (FGM and early marriages) are the Fulbe, Haoussas and Arapshouas. The advent of covid 19, the increase of civil conflicts, economic downturn and resource scarcity related issues have hindered efforts to decrease FGM and early marriages.
As an Organization that doesn’t associate nor tolerate gender inequality, the DERI organized series of campaigns and interviews notwithstanding the setbacks of Covid 19. These interventions (Beka, Guider and Pitoa) were done to understand the reasons for failures of legal implications in ending these practices. Despite prison sentences or imposed monetary fines charged on perpetrators of FGM, the staunch cultural identity, and the myth of an improving genital aesthetics and reduction of sexual immorality among women have been the major advancement for the furthering of such practices. However, we believe that these accounts for a significant contribution towards the low economic and social development of this part of the nation.
The DERI platform remains a major space to fight against FGM and Early/forced marriages. With partners, we intent to exert pressure on the government to put in place better measures, but also document the progress of campaigns while educating households, community leaders and organizations on the advantages of educating the girl child and its repercussion on sustainable development and the SDGs in general.